By Peter
Coy on February 11, 2013
Business
Week
It’s
difficult to overstate the importance of Pope Benedict XVI’s decision to resign
the papacy for health reasons. The last time a pope resigned voluntarily was
1294. The great poet Dante Alighieri was so angry about it that he put the
abdicating pope, Celestine V, into the antechamber of his Inferno. In the more
than seven centuries since, no pope has taken the name Celestine.
Now that
Pope Benedict has resigned, the popes who follow him will have to take the
precedent he set seriously, says Kenneth Pennington, a professor of
ecclesiastical and legal history at the Catholic University of America in Washington
Gregory XII
stepped down in 1415, but his resignation was coerced in order to solve a
schism in the church, Pennington says. Benedict made clear that his resignation
was of his own free will. Pennington says he listened to the pope’s resignation
in Latin, and the pontiff used the phrase plena libertas—complete freedom.
Thomas
Reese of the National Catholic Reporter explains that recent popes have felt
that resignation was unacceptable, with Pope Paul VI saying paternity cannot be
resigned. Benedict’s predecessor, John Paul II, died in office after years of
poor health that limited his ability to perform.
Benedict,
although theologically conservative, is breaking from tradition in an important
way. University of Notre Dame historian Scott Appleby writes in an e-mail:
“Whether it is modern or just plain good common sense, the pope’s decision to
resign does reflect the increasing pressures of overseeing a global church in a
media-saturated environment where everyone is an instant expert and ‘news’
travels faster than any bureaucracy can hope to manage.”
Then again,
Benedict didn’t announce his resignation via his Twitter account, where his
handle is @Pontifex.
Oh, about
that Dante allusion: Dante doesn’t use Celestine’s name in the Inferno, the
first book of his Divine Comedy. But most scholars believe that’s whom he was
speaking of when he wrote about a coward who made “the great refusal.” Dante
was angry because Celestine’s resignation paved the way for Boniface VIII, whom
Dante detested.
Coy is
Bloomberg Businessweek's economics editor.
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She saved the plastic toys in a drawer for the whole year
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He parked the bus at the Wangi falls, while most of the younger people
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